“Crucible” by Arthur Miller: The madness in Salem Essay

How does Miller use the ending of each act to make the audience feel the madness in Salem? Miller is able to portray the madness of Salem in a variety of ways, throughout the whole of the play however the ending of each act allows the audience to fully feel the hysteria. By incorporating changes of key themes and ideas as well as using links throughout the text and a variety of dramatic techniques towards the end of each act, Miller is able to leave the audience with a sense of this madness. The ways in which he reflects the madness change from scene to scene however each technique is just as important as others. Occurring frequently throughout the play, but particularly predominant at the end of Act I is the use of stage directions to increase tension and hysteria. After Tituba confesses to allegiance with the Devil, Abigail realises that this has saved her and so she decides to repeat Tituba’s actions in order to save herself. She understands that in order to prevent being accused she must become the accuser. Miller emphasises this as immediately after Hale states â€Å"God will bless you for your help†, Abigail rises and is quoted as â€Å"staring as though inspired.† She goes on to become â€Å"enraptured as though in a pearly light† which shows the progression from a quiet confession to a loud, more hysteric declaration. The passage which follows shows a huge rise in tension and irrational incidents as suddenly Betty rises from the bed after a long period of time in a collapsed state, also chanting confessions. Betty and Abigail exclaim the names of people who they claimed to have seen with the Devil, and Miller once again uses stage directions to show the craziness by describing them as â€Å"calling out hysterically† and â€Å"rising to a great glee.† The curtain falls on the girls crying out the names of people seen with the Devil, with a progressive increase in intensity and so the audience is left with a clear feel of the hysteria. Another way Miller is able to portray the madness towards the end of Act I is by using short sentences to increase tension and reflect the condition in Salem. During the confession of Abigail short, quick sentences are used such  as â€Å"I danced for the Devil!† or â€Å"I saw him†, both of which show a peak in hysteria. These are followed by Betty and Abigail accusing people of allegiance with the Devil and all these claims follow the same, generic format of â€Å"I saw ____ with the Devil!† This makes the girls seem as though they are possessed and are under the influence of the Devil – once again giving the audience a feel of the madness in Salem by building up a mad atmosphere. Towards the end of Act II Miller uses the actions of John Proctor to make the audience feel the madness in Salem, with his violent acts indicating how emotions have spiralled out of control in the village. After the arrest of his wife, Elizabeth, Proctor becomes aggravated and begins to take a violent approach towards the matter. As soon as he is left alone with Mary Warren, she is described as speaking in a â€Å"fearful squeak of a voice† which begins to suggest Proctor’s threatening presence. This is followed by Proctor â€Å"moving menacingly toward her† which gives the audience an instant insight on Proctor’s anger. Even though Mary Warren proclaims that Abigail will â€Å"kill [her] for sayin’ that† (referring to telling the court who stuck the needle into the poppet), Proctor still â€Å"continues toward her† which also indicates the madness of Proctor and the community around him. Mary then begins to â€Å"back from him† and speaks â€Å"in terror†, however Proctor â€Å"strides and catches her† which shows a progression from mere verbal abuse to physical violence and an upsurge of anger. This anger proliferates into Proctor â€Å"grasping her from the throat as though he would strangle her† before â€Å"throwing her to the floor where she sobs†. Miller is able to use this forcefulness to give the audience a taste of how things have progressed from illogical thoughts to outright madness in not just the Proctor household but the whole of Salem. Along with the use of Proctor’s violence to reflect the madness in Salem, Miller uses the intense dialogue between Proctor and Mary Warren to show how insanity has grown in the Salem community. Miller utilises Mary Warren’s repeated refrain of â€Å"I cannot, I cannot† to reflect how crazy she has become. Despite Abigail’s wrongdoings Mary states that she â€Å"cannot charge murder on Abigail† which shows how much Abigail has manipulated her. She   then states that â€Å"they’ll turn on [her]† which demonstrates the pressure placed upon Mary to lie to the court. Mary’s mind has been twisted into believing that staying loyal to the girls is more important than saving the lives of innocent people accused of witchcraft and this gives the audience a glimpse of the absurd ideas implanted into the brains of the Salem community. The curtain falls on Mary repeatedly sobbing â€Å"I cannot, I cannot† and this tells the audience that the madness is not at an end but will continue into the scenes to come. In Act III, Miller utilises Mary Warren’s change of heart to fully epitomise the extent of which the madness in Salem has grown. As previously stated, Miller used the end of Act II to show that the madness in Salem would continue into the coming scenes, and by making Mary Warren and John Proctor the subject of drama once again he has shown this. The end of Act III begins with Abigail conversing with an invisible bird which is acclaimed to be controlled by Mary Warren. This, not unlike most other claims of witchcraft in the play, has no substance or evidence apart from the victim’s claims and is irrational which links in with the general madness of the play. Abigail has made this accusation in order to avoid being accused; drawing parallels with the ending of Act I. Abigail once again asserts her dominance over Mary which can be seen, as when Abigail shouts that the spirit is â€Å"going to come down† and is â€Å"walking the beam†, Mary changes from saying that previous cases were â€Å"pretence† to now saying that John Proctor is â€Å"the Devil’s man.† Mary is described as â€Å"screaming in horror† – antics associated with someone gone mad. Ultimately, this extreme change of heart is used by Miller to show that the hysteria has reached its peak and now people are no longer willing to argue anymore. The idea that arguing is of no use anymore as the judges fail to understand good reasoning is shown again through John Proctor’s change of heart as well. After spending so long arguing for the freedom of his wife and so many others, when asked if he has any allegiance with Satan he replies that â€Å"God is dead!† Proctor recognises Judge Danforth’s hypocrisy in that Danforth previously stated that witchcraft was only visible to the victim and the accused, however now he says â€Å"I have seen your power† which is contradictory  to the previous statement. Miller uses this case of hypocrisy to show the audience how a lack of logic has overrun Salem causing the aforementioned madness. Proctor follows by â€Å"laughing insanely† and saying that he â€Å"hears the boot of Lucifer† and â€Å"sees his filthy face† – a sharp contrast to saying the Devil is not present in Salem just a few moments before. Imagery of burning in Hell and the damnation of himself and Danforth contribute greatly to the madness and they give the audience an idea of the graphic culmination of the madness in Salem. Also, Hale â€Å"denounces these proceedings† and â€Å"quits this court† which leaves the courtroom itself in a state of madness. Danforth attempts to control the room but is unable to and this symbolises how power is no longer with any of the officials and all chaos has broken loose in Salem, giving the audience a full on feel of how a total loss of control has culminated in Salem. All in all, Arthur Miller is able to use the ending of each act to make the audience feel the madness in Salem by incorporating multiple techniques into the play to add tension and hysteria. These techniques, ranging from stage directions to symbolism and imagery, are able to give the audience a glimpse of the insanity going through Salem and they are developed well as the audience progresses through the play; building up to dramatic climaxes and culminating in the loss of all order in the Salem community.

Cover Letter

Dear Hiring Manager, I have enclosed my resume. I am currently enrolled in City University of New York majoring in Education concentrated in Early Childhood. I have over 5 years of experience working in an educational environment with children between the ages 2 and 5. While in Middle School, I volunteered at an after work program tutoring my peers in key curriculum courses needed to pass State Testing. Once in high school I nurtured my passion for helping others strive to be the best. I was hired at Antioch Daycare Academy as a Part Time Instructor. As an instructor I was responsible for a class of 20 students between the ages of 2 and 4. I was required to complete a daily curriculum with my students that included the fundamentals needed in order to advance to Pre- K. I held monthly meetings with my student’s parents to discuss the growth, strengths and weakness of each student. My experiences in the classroom and work place have taught me how to effectively assess the short and long-term goals of children, and establish mutually agreed on methods to meet their needs. Throughout my years at Antioch, I was noticed and promoted to the positioned as Director’s Assistant, where I was able to strengthen my teaching and leadership abilities. I have shown to successfully work as part of an interdisciplinary team, collaborating with diverse professionals to provide a holistic approach to care. I have volunteered at daycare centers and outreach teen programs, emphasizing the importance of an education and the limitless opportunities it allows. In addition to my academic success and work experience, I have learned to not only organize my time effectively, but also use my experiences to spread awareness and educate others. In addition to working, I recruited members of my community and signatures of over 100 parents, which qualified Antioch as a potential UPK grant recipient. After several proposals, budgeting plans and curriculum outlines, we were awarded the full amount for UPK. My volunteer work, academic courses and work experience makes me a well-rounded candidate for the position was as a Family worker. I will bring new innovative ideas and proposals to further develop the classroom. Our mission is intertwined, to provide a safe and academically enriching program for children. I am currently up to date and certified CPR and First Aid, Anti-Bully and I have clearance from the Department of Health and the Department of Education. My salary requirement is negotiable based on the job responsibilities and total compensation package. Thank You, Cover Letter How to Write a Cover Letter What Should Your Cover Letter Do For You? It should answer the question – Why should I hire you? It should grab the employers’ attention and point out why you, above all other applicants, should be contacted for a personal interview. The resume should never travel alone. Each time you submit your resume to an employer, you should enclose a cover letter that explains why you are submitting the resume. A cover letter is critical to creating interest in your candidacy, even for an internship or volunteer opportunity.The cover letter is your â€Å"sales pitch†. It gives you the opportunity to draw an employer’s attention to the skills and experience outlined in your resume. You can expand on certain courses or job responsibilities that particularly match the position for which to be considered. It also gives you a chance to highlight special achievements that might otherwise go overlooked. In summarizing your qualifications, highlig ht your most appropriate skills or background in relation to a particular position without simply reiterating the information on your resume.Refer the reader to your enclosed resume for further elaboration your past accomplishments. Be direct and brief. Structure your cover letter with three sections: FIRST PARAGRAPH: This is the â€Å"why I'm writing to you† paragraph which immediately tells the employer the position you want to be considered for. This is short – usually 2-3 sentences. Points to cover: Why you are writing and which position you are applying for. ? How you heard about the position is irrelevant unless it is a mutual contact or recruiting program. Do not write, â€Å"I learned of this opportunity through the Career Services Office. ? Show from your research why you are interested in this position or organization. The goal is to make a connection – do this briefly and specifically or leave it out; sweeping statements will not work. SECOND PARAGRA PH: This is the â€Å"why I'm qualified† paragraph. Highlight some of your most relevant experiences and qualities as they relate to the position for which you are applying. Choose 2 – 3 points you want to make about Specific experiences/accomplishments or about general qualities you have exhibited, and provide Specific examples to support those points.This paragraph will change according to the job/employer for which you are applying. This is usually the longest paragraph of the letter. You may break this paragraph into two if it looks too lengthy or if your points work best in separate paragraphs. Points to ponder: ? ? The first sentence should be a hard-hitting opener. It is a quick introduction, which is accomplishment-oriented and directed at the skills and qualifications needed for the job/industry. The body of the paragraph should provide evidence to back up what you've just claimed.Cite specific jobs/internships/activities/projects and accomplishments associate d with those experiences. Use your resume to come up with some specifics, but NEVER reiterate passages from your resume word for word. Discuss why what you did is to the employer- relate the facts to the job. Strong examples are important! The final sentence is a summary of what you've discussed above. It's a good idea to mention the position title and company name to bring the reader back to the specific job in question. ? FINAL PARAGRAPH: This is a short 2-4 sentences paragraph.You should refer to the enclosed resume, request an interview and let the reader know what will happen next (Contact them within specific period of time unless it is a recruiting program). It is vital that you thank the reader for his/her time and consideration. Cover Letter Rules 1. Address to a specific name and title. If you are uncertain who to address, look in the library reference materials or call the company and ask the receptionist for the appropriate name and title. To gather this information, tel l the receptionist; â€Å"I am sending some important papers to the head of the Department.However, I’m not sure I have the correct name and address. Could you please tell me to whom I should address these documents? † Writing style should be direct, powerful and error free. Edit to eliminate extraneous words and to check grammar, spelling and punctuation. In addition to stating your purpose, the letter tells the reader how well you communicate. The cover letter should be no more than one page. It should follow good business format. Do not overwhelm the reader with a lengthy cover letter or excessive repetition of the resume content.Keep the letter short and to the point. Three or four paragraphs will suffice: Paragraph 1: State your interest and purpose. Paragraph 2 (& 3): Highlight your resume by stressing what you will do for the employer. Paragraph 3: Request an interview and, if possible, indicate that you will call to discuss potential opportunities. 5. Use appro priate language. Repeat terms that the employer uses, without plagiarizing the job description or quoting from the resume. Avoid jargon and the passive voice. Use action verbs and the active voice. Do not try to be cute or too aggressive.Be employer focused – tell the employer what you have to offer, not what you hope to gain from them or the position. Always be positive by stressing your base accomplishments and skills as well as your future value. 2. 3. 4. 6. 7. Be sure to keep copies of all correspondence. It is possible that you will need to refer to it in the future . Sample Cover Letter for an Internship (courtesy of about. com) Your Name 111 Main Street Reading, MA 01867 (781) 555 -5555 [email  protected] com Date Name Job Title Company Street City, State Zip Dear Ms.LastName: I am interested in applying for the scientific research summer internship position that was listed through the Name University Career Services Office. I have had a great deal of laboratory expe rience in chemistry, biology, and geology, both indoors and in the field. In the lab, I have performed chemical reactions and I am currently using microscopes to observe many specimens. In environmental field studies, I have conducted outdoor labs to assess water chemistry. Last summer, I worked as conservation assistant at Clumber National Park. I am seeking to complement this outdoor experience with a esearch internship in order to acquire the background necessary for a future career in scientific research. I believe that I would an asset to your program. This internship would provide me with the ideal opportunity to assist at your organization and to expand my research skills. I will call next week to see if you agree that my qualifications seem to be a match for the position. If so, I hope to schedule an interview at a mutually convenient time. I look forward to speaking with you. Thank you for your consideration. Sincerely, Signature FirstName LastName This is to be used as a R EFERENCE ONLY.PLEASE DO NOT COPY EXACT STATEMENTS for your letter. Every cover letter must be tailored to the job for which you are applying! Sample Cover for a Volunteer Opportunity (courtesy of UMASS Amherst) Your Name 111 Main Street Reading, MA 01867 (781) 555 -5555 [email  protected] com August 9, 2012 Person’s Name Volunteer Coordinator Massachusetts Community Water Watch 44 Winter Street Boston, MA 02108 Dear Ms. X: This letter is to apply as a volunteer with Massachusetts Community Water Watch found through the Office of Community Service Learning at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.I am available to intern from September 1st 2012 to May 16th 2013. I am a first year student interested in pursuing a career in the field of biology. Through my coursework at the University, I continue to master the art and science of collecting, analyzing and interpreting data. I have strengthened my organizational skills through my lab courses and have developed specialized skil ls in using Excel. With my experience as a camp counselor, I am confident in interacting with and presenting educational topics to a young audience.Specifically, I was assigned by my supervisor to serve the role of Head Counselor. Through this role, I was able to coordinate and collaborate with other counselors and share ideas on fun interactive activities for campers. I look forward to utilizing my organizational and leadership skills in addition to my interest in biology to this internship. Thank you for your time and consideration. Sincerely, Your Name Enclosure: resume This is to be used as a REFERENCE ONLY. PLEASE DO NOT COPY EXACT STATEMENTS for your letter. Every cover letter must be tailored to the job for which you are applying!

A Fight for Renaissance by Anne Bradstreet

A Fight for Renaissance by Anne Bradstreet Anne Dudley Bradstreet was Americas first published poet. Cotton Mather described her as: a gentlewoman whose extraction and estate were considerable. She was an intelligent, well-educated poet, wife, and mother, who contradicted almost all of the stereotypes about stiff, cold Puritans. She used her talents to promote womens rights, to describe life as a Puritan woman in colonial America, and to let her husband and children know how much she loved them. Some historians have said that Anne described her own work as lowly, meanly clad, poor, ragged, foolish, broken, and blemished to appease critical males. It was the support of her family and friends who encouraged her to continue the struggle despite incredible societal pressure and rigorous odds. Her poems dealt with the hardships of life in the early settlements, the Puritan religion, and in subtle ways, the role of women in those times. Because she was a woman, her work was strongly criticized, and some believed that she stole the ideas for her writing from men. In her earlier works, Bradstreet wrote in the style of male authors that she admired. She was careful about expressing her true feelings, and this limited her abilities. She wrote for her own satisfaction, and shared her poetry with family and friends. Without her knowledge, her brother-in-law, Rev. John Woodbridge, took a manuscript of her poems to England with him and had them published in a book called, The Tenth Muse Lately sprung up in America By a Gentlewoman in those parts, which Anne had dedicated to her father. Rev. Woodbridge wrote By a Gentlewoman in the title to stress that Anne Bradstreet was a virtuous Puritan who did not neglect her duties for her writing. These later poems were her claim to fame, bec ause they reflected actual experience (as a wife, as a mother, and a woman in seventeenth-century New England), combined with a poets imagination, warmth, and a straightforward humanitarian philosophy. Anne struggled to write poetry in a society that was hostile to imagination and to a woman writer. Seventeenth century Puritan women were expected to be deferential, and her education and her privileged status as a close relative of two governors could not completely protect her from the scorn and persecution that other women who stepped out of their role in Puritan society generally received. Anne wrote quite a bit about her experiences as a wife, mother, grandmother, and as a settler in colonial America. She also wrote about nature, science, religion, the social and political happenings of the time, and about her feelings towards the biases women of her time faced. Anne Bradstreet was, in some ways, an early feminist. Through her poetry, she asserted the right of women to learning and expression of thought. The stereotypical Puritan standards at that time indicated that a womans place was in the home attending to the family and her husbands needs. Women were generally considered intellectually inferior. The attitude of Annes day was accurately expressed by Reverend Thomas Parker, a minister in Newbury, Massachusetts, in a letter to his sister, Elizabeth Avery, in England: Your printing of a book, beyond the custom of your sex, doth rankly smell. As if the social pressure wasnt bad enough, many women faced crushing workloads and a severe lack of free time, as well. Some women suffered from the lack of an education. Others internalized the belief in intellectual inferiority Western society tried to push on them from nearly every authoritative voice. It was Annes personal situation such as an extensive education, support of friends and an influential family, which gave her the means to cope with some of these obstacles. One of her later works, In Honor of That High and Mighty Princess Queen Elizabeth of Happy Memory, defiantly proclaims her opinion that women are worth more than a mans servant. Anne was deeply interested in relating the arduous life of the early settlers in her poems. Her work provides an excellent view of the difficulties she and her fellow colonists encountered. From the loss of a house to fire, to the risks and difficulties of child-bearing, to the pain of losing children, Anne described such situations with deep emotion and faith. Her writing gives modern-day readers a glimpse into Puritan views of salvation and redemption, and reveals faith that continued even in the midst of doubt. The Puritans believed that suffering was Gods way of preparing the heart for accepting His grace. Anne had difficulty reconciling herself with this idea, and she wrote about how she struggled to do everything that she could to give into His will. Puritan wives were expected to defer to their husbands within the family structure, but they were treated as fully equal in the souls vocation and in church affairs and enjoyed extensive legal and social protection against husbandly abuse of power. The delicate complexity of this view was perhaps best expressed in the couplet which Anne Bradstreet addressed to men: Preeminence each and all is yours/Yet grant some small acknowledgment of ours. Puritans also abhorred any waste of time, energy, or talent as a sin against God; ultimately, this worked in favor of talented women such as Bradstreet and defined early indications of the womens movement and clearly questioned the role of women in Puritanical society. References Blackstock, Carrie Galloway. Anne Bradstreet and Performativity: Self-Cultivation, Self-Deployment. Early American Literature 32. 3 (1987): 222-48. Bush, Sargent, Jr. American Poetry Begins: The Confident Modesty of The Tenth Muse. Wisconsin Academy Review: A Journal of Wisconsin Culture 38. 1 (Winter 1981-1982): 8-12. Caldwell, Patricia. Why Our First Poet Was a Woman: Bradstreet and the Birth Of an American Poetic Voice. Prospects: An Annual Journal of American Cultural Studies 13 (1978): 1-35. Doriani, Beth M. Then have ISaid with David: Anne Bradstreets Andover Manuscript Poems and the Influence of the Psalm Tradition. Early American Literature 24:1 (1979): 52-69. Eberwein, Anne Bradstreet (c.1612-1672). Legacy: A Journal of American Women Writers 11:2 (1984): 161-69. Kopacz, Paula. To Finish whats Begun: Anne Bradstreets Last Words. Early American Literature 23:2 (1978): 175-187. Margerum, Eileen. Anne Bradstreets Public Poetry and the Tradition of Humility. Early American Literature 17:2 (fall 1982): 152-60. Salska, Agnieska. Puritan Poetry: Its Public and Private Strain. Early American Literature 19:2 (Fall 1984): 107-121. Schweitzer, Ivy. Anne Bradstreet Wrestles with the Renaissance. Early American Literature 23:2 (1978): 291-312. Sweet, Timothy. Gender, Genre, and Subjectivity in Anne Bradstreets Early Elegies. Early American Literature 23:2 (1978); 152-174.

A Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) Research Paper

A Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) - Research Paper Example Different kinds of people study a language other than their own for different purposes. Some study to satisfy their need for knowledge. Others just want to be able to converse when traveling, studying or living in another country. Still there are others, like in South Korea, where learning another language, specifically English, is a means to have a job or get into a top university. â€Å"All one has to do is just take a walk in any bookstore and see just how big learning English is†¦. with the profusion of English language books, tapes, and test study guides  (Miller, J., 2006).† The acquisition of a new language, especially English, has led into a thriving business. Individuals and companies have come up and are continuously developing new educational materials to help people have better communication skills. As a result of the increasing demand, the techniques and modes have evolved from simple books and listening tapes to CDs/DVDs, computer software and websites on the Internet. Computer Assisted Language Learning or CALL has become a common method of acquiring another language. â€Å"The history of CALL suggests that the computer can serve a variety of uses for language teaching (Warschauer, M., 1996).† Not only do they enhance the users’ listening, speaking, writing and reading skills, but CALL programs also provide a variety of interesting materials and ways of learning. Since its advent, CALL programs have been used by schools, businesses, governments and individuals for different purposes. For those studying the English language, one use of CALL, for example, is as a medium in preparing students for English proficiency exams like IELTS. The Tell Me More English program is one of the many tools in the market that uses computer-based technology as a means of teaching the English language. The software was created by awarded CALL software developer Auralog and has been released in three versions since its introduction in the ma rket. Among its various functions, educational facilities utilize the Tell Me More English program to aid students entering college get a high score on English proficiency examinations such as that of the International English Language Testing System, better known as IELTS. Literature Review â€Å"The Tell Me More English program is the only English software that truly covers all of the skills used in learning English: not only reading, writing, listening, and speaking, but also grammar, vocabulary and culture (TellMeMore, nd.).† For learners of the English language, excelling in these skills is the key to becoming good speakers. It has been argued that although computers can be a tool in language learning, there are still questionable aspects of language acquisition through CALL programs that need to be addressed. Furthermore, it is yet to be realized how CALL materials can effectively impart learning of each basic communication skill. â€Å"Computer assisted language learn ing has developed over the last 30 years (Warschauer, M., 1996)†. CALL has three stages: behavioristic, communicative and integrative. The first stage, implemented in the 1960s-70s, was practicing by drills. The next stage, communicative, focused more on how the students interacted with each other while working on the computer rather than developing a more in-depth role for computers in the field of language learning. (Warschauer, M., 1996) Criticisms that surfaced from this aspect of communicative CALL gave rise to the third stage, integrative CALL. With integrative CALL, â€Å"students are challenged to construct their own knowledge with guidance from a teacher (Nerbonne, J., et.al., n.d.).† Although CALL has grown to be a popular medium for education, there are still

Cntemporary Asian Societies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cntemporary Asian Societies - Essay Example For a long tine, Asian countries isolated themselves from the rest of the world trying to keep untouched old traditions and values (Metcalf, pg 6). Thus, since the beginning of the XX century, they have experienced a strong influence on their cultural traditions and building practices. This influence had a negative impact on Asian societies spreading alien cultures and the building crafts (Hawkes, pg 9). The main issue against modern building practices is that Asian societies developed unique building traditions and distinct practices which comply with their needs and regional differences. Asian societies should stick to their own building traditions because they reflect cultural uniqueness and religious beliefs followed by generations. Hinduism, Aryans, Dravidians, Islamic, Christian, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism developed building styles which reflect their unique and distinct beliefs and values. For instance, the earliest surviving monuments of architecture date from the tenth century. Perhaps the first shrine is the Nat Hlaung Gyaung at Pagn, a temple traditionally dated in 931 and one of the few Hindu monuments in the history of Burmese architecture. Even this structure has certain characteristics of Burmese architecture of all periods (Metcalf, pg 23). ... Other temples of this early period at Pagan, such as the Ngakye Nadaun of the tenth century, recall the form of Gupta stupas, such as the Dhamekh stupa at Sarnath (Metcalf, pg 23). Just as these buildings, for all their elaborateness, are the ultimate descendants of old Indian architecture, the typically Burmese technique of lacquer decoration goes back at least to the period of florescence at Pagn in the thirteenth century (Lim, Beng, pg 68). These building have survived for over a thousand years while modern buildings survive only for 80 years. Old building traditions meet geographical peculiarities and climate diversity of Asian societies. All of building traditions meant planning, planning for communities, planning which should take into account architectural amenity as well as practical utility; and every single example of these planned communities like the ample and attractive housing built in numerous Asians cultural centers reflect old styles and geographical peculiarities (Goad et al ph65). Following Hawkes (1996) modern construction and building practices allow only the passive control of climate through built form (pg 34). In contrast, old building traditions (as shading and wind-channelling devices) are quite effective, mitigating solar gain at the hottest times of the day and encouraging useful cross-ventilation (Hawkes pg 45). What is more, they frame and direct views of the surroundings and give depth and relief to the facades. Upon entering the old building, the reticence of the facades gives way to a top-lit, daylight filled entrance court, the first of two such courts. But in old buildings the means of environmental control is clear and the legible (Frampton, pg 14). In sum,

Journal Article Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Journal Article Review - Essay Example This paper aims to discuss behavior learning theory in relation to student achievement. For this purpose article of A.W. Astin is used which critically discusses the learning behavior of learners along with different influencing factors. Summary of the article Importance of behavioral learning theory in institutions is often neglected and therefore student achievements are greatly compromised. In the article, â€Å"Student Involvement: A developmental theory for higher education† the researcher argues that there is a certain mechanism of behavioral learning theory which must be followed so as to increase the chances of student achievement. This behavioral mechanism typically deals with the social and academic development of students. For instance, students belong to a diverse group of individuals and hence their learning capabilities are entirely different and therefore they quickly absorb the behavioral pattern of one another. However, if the overall learning environment of t he institution is based on behavioral mechanism then it facilitates them to achieve something beyond their predefined goals (Astin, 1984). This can be further understood by analyzing the different behaviors of students such as the optimum level to which students work for their academic achievement, interests in different subjects and the overall environment which influences their studying behavior. But in this regard the behavior of intelligent students plays the most significant role. For instance, the sharp students within an institutional setting give huge academic challenge to average students while on the other hand they also facilitate them in overcoming certain academic hurdles through their behavior. This is highly beneficial for the overall student development as they begin to learn and compete with others at an early age. Therefore the school management is required to make such strategies which support and bring together distinguishing groups of individuals hence facilitat ing them in learning through behavioral theory. However, this strategy cannot be applied in all situations due to the risk of reverse affects. Institutional management plays a vital role in the overall implementation of behavior learning theory because students’ positive behavior and the relative changes are required to be motivated and reinforced. In addition to this the researcher explains that motivation is an essential part of behavior theory because it acts as a catalyst in advancing the overall goal achievement process. For instance, motivation through rewards actually results in student achievements whereas it also acts as a reinforcing agent (Astin, 1984). Discussion The learning needs of students all over the world have dramatically changed. Consequently the student involvement has become a greatest concern for educational institutions. In this article researcher has actually replaced the word ‘behavior’ with ‘involvement’ because he firmly believes that student involvement is greatly influenced by the behavioral learning theory. This can be substantiated on the basis of the fact that involvement itself is a behavior which critically defines an individual’s academic success. Hence increased student involvement is the optimal outcome of behavioral learning theory (Astin, 1984). This has been further justified by a clear emphasis on behavioral theory by stating that it does not only revolve around the

Lone Star (Movie) Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Lone Star ( ) - Movie Review Example The movie, Lone Star, is a story is about multiculturalism and it tries to illustrate different types of interactions and the resulting tensions brought about by lack of adherence of the set standards of behavior and/or the extremity of actions that were done without foreseeing the repercussions. John Sayles, the writer and director of the film, is obsessed with the past and how it shapes our present and future; many of the characters are either running from their past or trying to uncover them, metaphorically this is multiculturalism in a nutshell. In the film, Sheriff Sam Deeds gets his job because of his father’s reputation of fairness and justice to the citizens of Rio County (Lone Star, Video); a trait that in one way shapes Sam’s present in that he did not have to go through the rigorous training and promotional processes to get the Sheriff job as people thought he could serve with the same qualities as his father. To the contrary, Sam hates the profession and the duties involved with the job simply from the fact that he did not view his father as a legend but a distant parent who cheated on his mother on several occasions with unnamed mistress; who happens to be his girlfriend’s mother. ... lm, Sam uncovers why his father and Mercedes Cruz, who was his girlfriends’ mother strongly opposed his relationship with Pilar Cruz, as they could be involved in incest, and that his father used his patronage to enrich his friends and allies. The behavioral decay and extremity of actions done for personal interests at the expense of society’s wellbeing and the repercussions thereafter are brought out in the story which is a reflection of the society’s misguided selfishness. For instance, as Sam investigates Charlie Wade’s murder, he uncovers how the former sheriff terrorized the locals to an extent of killing Eladio, Mercedes Cruz’s husband, whom he caught smuggling illegal immigrants, and he, Wade, was also extorting money from business community in the name of protecting them; a culture he had adopted from Buddy, Sam’s father. This leads to a series of repercussions that affect the society in that the death of Eladio leads to Sam’s father relationship with Mercedes Cruz whereby Pilar was born, in a bid to cover up his personal corruption interests, Wade confronts Otis for protection money but he is killed by Hollis and Buddy took Wade’s payoff to his mistress, Mercedes Cruz. At this point, it is evident that a clear definition of one’s responsibilities to the society and the importance of adhering to the society’s norms, values and standards is brought out as the repercussions tend to affect the whole society despite the simple and single cause. Metaphorically, the lives lived by the characters in the film represents people running from their past and/or revelations of the actions done in the past which can be attributed to the diversity in the society by then but evils grounded on the lack of respect/concern about the coexistence by some society

Interview Questions Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Interview Questions Assignment - Essay Example My academic background is the main reason as I have gained significant knowledge for practice in the profession. Hiring me at this stage of my study will also mould me into the organization’s culture, as I develop my career while in the organization. An experienced person, having experienced many organizational cultures, may find it difficult to change into the company’s environment, a challenge that I do not face. I also offer the company leadership potentials that will help in empowering and motivating employees. Being a dynamic person and a fast learner, I can play many roles in the organization and shall therefore save it the burden of employing many people for specialized roles. My greatest weakness is my orientation to results. I always focus on achieving expected results in my environments, whether the results are my responsibility or that of a peer. This means overworking and sometimes stepping into other people’s mandates. The weakness has two major adverse consequences by I often manage them. One of the consequences is overworking to burnout but I normally take a rest when I experience fatigue. Another adverse consequence is conflict with peer when I move in to help in their roles. Though I often explain my intentions before engagement, there is sometimes lack of time for explanations and some people have accused me of taking advantage of their responsibility to seek recognition. This has however never been the case. An example of a time of successful communication with a difficult person involved a conflict with a classmate. He was known for his arrogance and lack of rationale that often involved him in violence, especially when he was under drugs. We were on an informal discussion about a news article that divided public opinion and he rose against my opinion. He quickly got emotional and people feared a fight. I had to either walk away to avoid a violent encounter or to confront him and let him know that his behavior was not right. I

Indian Stock Exchanges Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Indian Stock Exchanges - Research Paper Example The researcher states that the Bombay Stock Exchange is â€Å"the oldest stock exchange in Asia† and one of the older ones in the world, having been in operation for 135 years. In 1875, it was known as the Native Share and Stock Brokers Association, and is sometimes known as the Stock Exchange Mumbai. It is astonishingly large: It has the most companies traded and is one of the top ten stock exchanges in the world with a total capitalization of $1.28 trillion. Its electronic trading handles the fifth largest number of trades in the world. It is the second stock exchange in the world to obtain ISO 9001:2000 certification and the second in the world to receive the â€Å"Information Security Management System Standard BS 7799-2-2002 certification for its BSE On-Line Trading System†. The BSE Index, SENSEX, is traded in Hong Kong. The BSE is a hybrid between an order-driven and market maker, quote-driven system. Historically, it used quote-driven systems, but anonymous scree n-based trading systems and the trading of debt and other loan-based assets is done using an order-driven system. However, quote-driven mechanisms still guide trading in many illiquid stocks. Trading occurs between 9:00 AM and 3:30 PM under most circumstances. This is about as long as the NYSE, which trades from 9:30 AM to 4:00 PM normally. The securities and stocks exchanged on the BSE are classified into a few different types of groups. â€Å"BSE has, for the guidance and benefit of the investors, classified the scrips in the Equity Segment into 'A', ‘B’,'T', ‘S', ‘TS' and 'Z' groups on certain qualitative and quantitative parameters†. These groups are classified based on the type of asset being traded, the way the asset is traded and an estimation of quality. F Group trading, for example, is of fixed income securities, while T Group trading are scrips traded per trade which is used for surveillance. S Groups are Indonext segment stocks, which means that TS Group stocks are Indonext stocks traded under trade-to-trade surveillance. Government securities are traded in the G Group. Z Group trades are companies that have failed to comply with listed requirements â€Å"and/or have failed to resolve investor complaints and/or have not made the required arrangements with both the depositories, viz., Central Depository Services (I) Ltd. (CDSL) and National Securities Depository Ltd. (NSDL) for dematerialization of their securities†. The BSE Sensex is calculated using a Free-float Market Capitalization Model. It is thirty blue-chip stocks, similar to the Dow Jones, which account for one-fifth of the capitalization of the exchange and are safe stocks with a proven track record. â€Å"The market capitalization is determined by multiplying the stock by the numbers of outstanding shares. This calculation is performed for all 30 stocks and then divided by the Sensex Divisor. The Divisor is derived from the original base value of 100 for the Sensex, so the index can be tracked over time. The Sensex is calculated every 15 seconds and then published to investors around the world in real-time† (. One study of the BSE found that a contrarian strategy, a strategy that tries to defy traditional wisdom such as Soros' famous pound-sterling coup.

Acid Rain Essay Example for Free

Acid Rain Essay Situation: The acid rain provisions of the 1990 amendments to the Clean Air Act were to being in 1995. Currently, it is 1992 and The Southern Company (a electric utilities holding company operating in Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Florida) had to decide what actions they were going to take in order to comply with the new regulations. Before the Clean Air Act, firms did not have incentives to reduce emissions below the government specification. If a firm exceeded the amount, it would just simply pay a fine. Maximum limits were put into place and allowances could be bought and sold on the open market. This means that companies that were able to reduce their emissions, could make money off the allowances they sold. That provided firms incentive to reduce emissions to more appropriate levels. In contrast, a company that could not reduce would have to spend more money to buy additional allowances. The allowances would start at $250 per contract but increase by 10% each year. One of the Southern Company’s Georgia plant, Georgia Power’s Bowen a coal fired plant, had a couple options to choose from to abide by the new laws. The options included either adding scrubbers in order to drastically reduce their emissions and sell the extra allowances or spend more money to buy additional allowances. Either way, Bowen was looking to spend more money in the near future with the Clean Air Act. Question/ Decision: What is the lowest cost option for the plant? Knowing the plant will be extinct in 2016, what estimations can we assume from 1995 to 2016? What are the unknown factors? How long will it take to implement the scrubbers? Do we have the man power to handle the maintenance for the scrubbers? What is the best option for the company that still makes us look good to the public? Will allowance prices increase by more than 10%? Will there be enough allowance contracts on the open market for Bowen to purchase in order to maintain it’s current level of emissions? Hypothesis: Bowen had two main possibilities to comply with the new law: purchase allowances or sell allowances. Purchasing contracts appears to be the easy option but has the potential to get very costly especially in phase two (2000) since emissions will be reduced by almost 50%. Also, we have no idea if it will be possible to purchase all the contracts we need. If there are not enough contracts on the market, it could turn into a bidding war for the available contracts. In order to sell allowances, Bowen would have to drastically reduce their emissions. The most logical way to do this would be to install scrubbers that would remove sulfur dioxide from the exhaust gases of the generators. Installing the scrubbers was expensive but would reduce the emission by so much making it possible for Bowen to sell the extra allowances to on the open market for a profit. If the company plans to stay in business for longer than 2016, they should purchase the scrubbers to begin working in the second phase. This would help the company look better in the public’s eyes and will pay off more in the future. Since the company does not plan to stay in business, they should continue operating the way they do now and purchase the additional contracts. Even though it is the riskier option, this is the lowest cost option for the company. Proof of Action: The least cost alternative is to purchase additional allowances and continue operating as usual. The cost to the firm, if all estimations hold true, would be 267. Installing scrubbers could run up the costs to either 408 or 294 depending on when they are installed. Graph 1, PV of Cash Flows illustrates the cash flows for all high high-sulfer coal options. Option 1 offers almost no cost to the firm at the beginning stages, but increases in 2000. By 2005, the no scrubber option will be costing the firm more than the other two options. However, installing the scrubbers is much more costly at the beginning stages of the Clean Air Act. As time goes on though, the money made from selling the contracts and the costs of maintaining the scrubbers will offset each other. Installing the scrubbers to be ready for the second phase would reduce the costs to the firm much more throughout the 2000’s. Graph 1: PV of Cash Flows Option 1, no scrubbers, does not come without a lot of risk. The two main risk factors the company faces are government policies and the purchasing/selling of the allowances on the open market. a. The change in government policy. As the government becomes more and more concerned about pollution, there are possibilities that more policies or stimulus such as ecological taxation would be carried out. Although the current effective tax rate is 37. %, the company will save a portion of tax expense by installing scrubbers to control once a tax refund policy is implemented to low level pollutants emission companies. b. The change in allowance price. The company planners assume the price of allowances would be $250 per ton of sulfur dioxide in 1995 and would rise at 10% per year through 2010 and stay at that price since after. However, since the allowances could be traded in open market, their value is volatile. If the starting price of allowance rises to a certain level or the price increases at a higher rate, the PV cost of option 1 will be higher. graph 2 and 3). Graph 2: PV cost of option V. S. starting price of allowance Graph 3: The PV of option cost v. s. Allowance inflators Conclusion: In conclusion, according to the NPV of costs we should not install the scrubbers at this time. We should continue operating at our current levels and purchase contracts on the open market. This option is the riskier option but it is the lowest cost. If we are more concerned about risk, we should install the scrubbers to be ready for the second phase. The question becomes, how accurate do we think our estima tions are?

Hinduism And The Child Bearing Process Theology Religion Essay

Hinduism And The Child Bearing Process Theology Religion Essay Having a baby and changing your life with a new being is a very important part of life. Regardless of culture and traditions, it is a very special process for most mothers, fathers and families in all cultures around the world. This essay will look in depth into the ways the Hindu culture views child bearing, infant feeding, post partum beliefs and in general how their beliefs differ from our Canadian modernized culture. Child-bearing The Hindu religion in itself is a very tight-knit culture, relying a lot on the power of their Gods and finding enormous strength in the faith itself. The child-bearing process is no exception. Ceremonies are usually performed during pregnancy to ensure the health of the mother and growing child (Hindu, 2012). Initially at conception a ceremony called samskar is performed and this involves prayers of hope that a child will fulfill the parents obligation to continue the human race. There are rituals that the father practices with the mother such as the father parting the hair of the pregnant mother three times upward from the front to the back, this is believed to assure ripening of the embryo inside. Also, charms may be placed on or around the mother that ward off evil eyes and witches and demons. As the pregnancy advances there are a set of prayers that are held during a ceremony to continue the blessings of the mother and child. Between the fourth and seventh months of pregnancy a ceremony called Simantonnayana is held in which the father combs his wifes hair and expresses his love and support for her. Traditionally in the seventh month of pregnancy Hindus have another ritual that is performed which would be compared to a modernized Canadians version of a baby shower, this is called Seemantham. This event is organized by the family members and involves gift-giving and religious rituals. A prayer to fire is recited to sooth the expectant mother. Light instrumental music is played, and it is believed that this will refine the development of the babys ears (Hindu, 2012). During pregnancy the mother usually assumes a passive role and follows directions of the trained professionals (Leifer, 2011). During all examinations and the actual birthing process a female couch is usually preferred and they value the teachings of professionals. While the woman is in labour, her head is usually covered and if any examinations are to be done to the mother the husband must always be present. Rituals immediately following the birth of the child are practiced as well. Prior to the cutting of the umbilical cord, the father may touch the babys lips with a gold spoon or ring dipped in honey, curds and ghee. The word vak (meaning speech) is whispered three times into the right ear, and mantras (prayers) are chanted (Leifer, 2011). This ritual is normally called Jatakarma and is viewed as a sacrament or samskar. This ritual is given by the father to welcome and give blessings to ensure a long life, peace and to continue the generation of talent for the newborn child. After the newborn is delivered the sex of the child is not revealed until the placenta is delivered. This information is with-held to delay stress of the mother if the gender of the child is not of her preference until after the placenta is delivered. One of the last rituals in this category includes the performance of Namakarana (a ceremony done to name the child). This is held between the tenth and forty-first days of life. This particular ceremony marks the childs formal entry into his or her seat of Hinduism. Names are chosen according to astrology (BeliefNet, 2012) and a consultation is done in deciding the name of the child and usually names of Hindu gods or goddess are chosen and preferable. Hindus believe this tradition is special and a blessing because you will have an added benefit of remembering how your child was named. Infant Feeding Typically a newborn baby in the Hindu culture is breastfed; the belief is that by feeding the child breast milk, mothers are worshipped by the Hindu goddess Durga (the mother goddess). It is believed that breast milk is thought to have special powers which are in their religious text as the Sushrauta Samhita. These texts also recommend delaying breastfeeding until true milk comes in. (McKenna, 2009). Following religious beliefs a mothers colostrum and prelacteal feeding is discarded. Among some Hindus colostrums is discarded because of a belief that its thickness and viscosity may be difficult for the newborn to swallow. Also, there are beliefs that the first breast milk is stale or old from being stored in the breasts for the duration of the pregnancy (McKenna, 2009). Mothers ensure that their breasts are washed and all colostrums are discarded for the first day until the true milk comes in. Hindus also believe that by discarding the colostrum they are purifying the tubes of the mot hers mammary glands. Prior to the mothers giving their child the true milk, Hindus give prelacteals which their religious beliefs and cultural backgrounds state they are to have positive effects on the babys gastrointestinal and genitourinary systems. Hindus use prelacteals like honey and ghee, which are thought to evacuate meconium, reduce colic and act as a laxative (McKenna, 2009). When the infant reaches an age of six or seven months an Annaprasana ceremony is performed for the first solid foods. Annaprasanas meaning is anna= rice and prasana= to enter, thus the reasoning why rice is typically the first food given, and is given at this ceremony. The difference of the month for the ceremony depends on the gender of the child. A girl childs ceremony is held on an odd month, while a boys ceremony would be on an even month. When a baby gets solid food for the first time numerous prayers are offered to the child. It is believed with Annaprasana that the flaws that arise due to intake of impure food are removed. At the ending of this ceremony different articles such as books, fruits, toys and money are spread in front of the child. The baby is allowed to touch these items and it is believed that what the baby touches first will be his interest for rest of its life. Post Partum Beliefs Typically in most Indian cultures after a baby is born there is a lot of family support for the mother and many believe that the baby is to be handled as little as possible to allow its spine to grow normally. For the post partum women sponge baths are usually done (Leifer, 2011) in the Hindu culture. Usually the woman who delivered the child is kept in seclusion for 40 days postpartum (Leifer, 2011). This time of seclusion allows for bonding of the woman and child and immediate family. After this bonding time is complete then other family, friends and presents are welcomed into the home of the child. A traditional art of painting the skin with Henna is also performed on the woman after having a baby. Hennaing a woman after she gives birth is a traditional way to deter the malevolent spirits that cause disease, depression, and poor bonding with her infant. The action of applying henna to a mother after childbirth, particularly to her feet, keeps her from getting up to resume housewor k. A woman who has henna paste on her feet must let a friend or relative help her care for older children, tend the baby, cook and clean. This allows her to regain her strength and bond with her new baby (Cartwright Jones, 2002). Personal Reflection The process and importance of having a child in the Hindu religion really intrigues me. Although every culture finds importance and happiness in the process of a new child being welcomed into their family, the Hindu religion has opened my eyes into how special and meaningful this process can be. All the ceremonies and special activities that are done to embrace this beautiful time in life made me wish some of these special events were incorporated in modernized Canadian cultures. I truly believe that having this much culture and religious belief incorporated into having a child makes it even more special. It is very important as a nurse that you take the time and consideration to value all the different areas that cultures around the world celebrate and embrace different parts of life, such as having a baby. As a nurse you must be respectful of each and every persons beliefs and be culturally aware that every person regardless of race, color or culture may choose to embrace this part of life in their own way. It is the responsibility of the nurses and health professionals to make this the best possible experience for them and in turn being respectful to their wishes, regardless if they are different than your own.

Fly Away Peter :: essays research papers

'The characters of Imogen, Ashley and Jim counter the despair created by war'. Discuss. This idea of a countenance between the peaceful world of the sanctuary and the the chaotic world of war is one adapted by many, and with good reason. Through his novel, Malouf seeks to convey to the reader various themes. This is cleverly done in a number of ways, just one of which is this juxtaposition of the relationship between Imogen, Ashley and Jim and how it represents a peaceful world, and the 'despair created by war', its destructive nature and the effect it has on the world. The bond between Imogen, Ashley and Jim is founded on their passionate interest and love of the birds, and the individual gifts that each brings to that interest: Jim's special knowledge, Imogen's photography and Ashley's sense of the land and nature. The relationship between the three reflects the calm, balanced and tranquil order of the natural world. Their appreciation of the 'primitive power' of the bush represents a harmony, it goes 'beyond mere convention or the law'. Malouf, in creating such a powerful representation of the natural world, has prepared us well for the impact of war. The relationship established between Imogen, Ashley and Jim in the first half of the novel is skilfully juxtaposed with the trauma and upheaval of war in the second half. It is indeed a stark contrast to the tranquility of the sanctuary. The 'catastrophe' and 'madness' of the war hearlds Jim's 'fall from innocence'. This provides a dramatic contrast in mood, setting and action from the harmonious peace of the sanctuary section. The 'natural cycle of things' that Jim has been so in tune to has disappeared with the disturbance and destructive nature of war. Throughout the latter half of the novel, during which Jim is caught like a fly in the web of war, the layers of discontent are evident - disharmony is a constant theme. This is made far more apparent through the way in which Malouf uses Jim as a reference to the old world, when everything was ordered and followed a pattern. Jim was there because of the unnatural act of war, but as 'a kind of private reassurance for himself alone', there is 'the presence of the birds'. This allows him 'to find his way back at times to a natural cycle of things that the birds still followed undisturbed'.

Paintballing :: essays research papers

paintballing   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Paintballing is a fairly new sport that takes a combination of good equipment, athleticism, and skill. This sport was invented when â€Å" A friend of ours found this gun in a agricultural catolouge that was used by cattlemen to mark cows. It wasn’t long afterwords that we bought two of these things and had ourselves a little duel. After it was over we knew that we had stumbled apon something great† –Hayes Noel. Paintballing is a fairly easy concept to explain, One team essentially hunt the other team. Players are armed with paint filled marble sized balls that when shot, travel at about 60 mph.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many different forms of this game that can be played. There is the most popular game which is single elimination, or if you are hit once (and the paintball breaks), then you must remove yourself from the game. Another game is capture the flag, two armed teams both have flags at an assigned station. You have to capture the other teams flag and bring it to your teams station without getting eliminated. The last game that i will tell you about was also the first game. Two armed players stand back to back, with only one shot, a third person tells the two players to take ten paces and after the players have gone the required distance, they turn and shoot. If one person hits the other, they win.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The euqipment of paintballing is very advanced, in the begining, no saftey gear was required. Now, it is mandatory. Each player MUST wear a mask. The average player will be armed with a gun, a co2 or nitrogen tank, and about 200-400 stored paintballs that are kept in pods. A mid quality semi automatic gun can be purchased for about $100. But prices can range up to $1000.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The question that most people ask when purchasing a gun ask â€Å"What kind of gun do I want? Well, it depends what you want. If you are a new paintballer and want a gun to play around with, then you might look into buying a Wal-Mart pump action gun. If you want a quality gun that will perform in a game, then you want a semi- automatic gun that costs from 100-200 dollars.

Stop the Harassment of Sex Offenders Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive

Stop the Harassment of Sex Offenders      Ã‚  Ã‚   People shied away from him, as people often do when confronted with a powerful stench. Jesse could not help it, hygiene was not so high on his list of priorities, finding food and shelter were a bit more important. He could not find employment even though he was hardworking and educated. Jesse wanted to work, and as a college graduate, he should have ample opportunity to do so. However, Jesse's life had taken a severe downturn. Shortly after graduation, he met a girl at a bar who was willing to 'celebrate' with him. One thing led to another as things are frequently prone to do and Jesse indulged himself. Unfortunately, the girl was only sixteen (a very mature sixteen), her father learned of Jesse's actions and had the boy arrested. He was convicted of statutory rape and received a slap on the wrist - so to speak. You see, Jesse was now a sex offender and had to register with the state police; his name, address, telephone number, and picture were published and put on the Internet. Almost immediately, he began receiving threatening phone calls and all job prospects dried up. His life was over.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Even though the above is a total fabrication, it still rings true. According to the Charleston Gazette, in 1994, seven-year-old Megan Kanka was kidnaped and killed by a twice convicted sex offender who lived in her neighborhood. People in her neighborhood did not know of his past (Internet: Don't...). This brought about the spread of the so-called 'Megan's laws', states must now keep registers of sex offenders. Some states go a step further with these laws. Janet Reynolds of the Hartford Advocate reports that, in addition to the registry, California legislature voted to make che... ...ck to well lit areas at night, and try not to walk around alone at night, you could even take a self-defense class. Let people make amends for their mistakes and get on with their lives.       Works Cited    "Don't Panic. Use Offender List Wisely." Editorial. Charleston Gazette 30 Sept. 1998. Available at   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://wvgazette.com/Editorial/PANC0930.html    "Phone Number Mix-up Wreaks Havoc." The Herald Dispatch 4 Oct. 1998, 3 C.    Reynolds, Janet. "The New Scarlet Letter." Hartford Advocate 1997. Available at   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.hartfordadvocate.com/articles/scarlet.html    Searls, Tom. "List of Sex Offenders Sends Up a Red Flag". Charleston Gazette 1 Oct. 1998.    Snyder, John. Letter. The Brown Daily Herald 5 Feb. 1998. Available at   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.theherald.org/herald/issues/020598/aclu.f.html      

My Reflection of Ethics

A great philosopher of Ethics is Aristotle. His theory was originally introduced in ancient Greek times. Aristotle was a great believer in virtues and the meaning of virtue to him meant being able to fulfill one's functions. Some base ethics on pure reason, while others ground ethics in feelings or intuitions. Aristotle says that those who do lead a virtuous life are very happy and have sense of well-being. Happiness is the ultimate goal for everyone in life. Utilitarian’s believe ethics becomes a matter of calculating how to produce the greatest balance of pleasure over suffering.To become a better person, we must practice virtuous acts regularly. After a while, these acts will become a habit and so the virtuous acts part of our every day life and the person will be leading a virtuous life. For example, if a singer practices singing everyday, they will become better at it and used to doing it. People who practice their virtues improve their skills and therefore becoming happi er. When a person learns how to use the virtues, they become the characteristic of the person. For example, a person who has learned the virtue of generosity is often called a generous person because he or she is generous in all situations.Aristotle says we are most likely to acquire virtues by observing others in our society. If we experience other people being kind to us and see the happiness it creates we are more likely to practice this virtue then if we were just told to practice it. Social contract theorists believe ethical principals are made, not found. They also believe ethics are constructed by social groups, and exists for the benefit of those groups. Social contract theory is an examination of the justice and fairness of political and social and ethical systems.An example of this would be that I would never accept a rule that says, ‘women should have less opportunity to become president, or that African Americans should have less chance of going to college or be re stricted in the places they can live’. I wouldn’t accept such rules, because there’s a chance that I might step out from behind the ‘veil of ignorance’ and discover that I am an African-American woman. So I would favor setting up a society in which everyone has equal opportunity to compete for everything. Social contract theory forges an ethical system with no help from God or â€Å"natural law† or transcendent truths or powers of intuition.Egoism comes in two varieties. First is psychological egoism: the view that-as a matter of empirical psychological fact-all our behavior is selfish, or self-interested. Second is ethical egoism, which is the very different claim that we ought to always act in a way that is self-interested. If the claim is that everyone pursuing their own selfish interest will result in the greatest benefit for everyone, it is difficult to find any empirical grounds-biological, economic, or otherwise-for that universal egoi stic article of faith. Ethical relativism is the thesis that what is right is relative to each culture.Virtues in one country or society may not be the same as virtues in another. As virtues have evolved through society it is possible that good actions may be perceived as bad actions in another society. However the virtues stay the same in every community as well as the ultimate aim which is supreme happiness. Aristotle explains that all actions are done in order to reach an aim or goal. A series of actions are also leading towards an aim, for example getting up in to morning to go to work, leads to making money, leads to feeding our families, leads to going on holidays, etc.The utmost ultimate aim is to make people happy; everything is subordinate to the supreme good, which is happiness. Relative morality is based on the theory that truth and rightness is different for different people or cultures. Moral relativism states that morality is dependent on the society. It states that th ere are no moral absolutes and that there is no definite right or wrong. In some societies certain behavior is seen as morally right whereas in others the same behavior is not acceptable. To be a relativist is to accept this principle and not to judge others for their behavior.Moral relativists accept that whether a moral code exists because of tradition or religion, it may be needed to keep the society together. Some people may argue that any moral code is better than no moral code however the absence of moral rules would be disastrous for any society, it would not survive. People need set rules or moral codes to live by in order to make the right decisions and to keep society together in the long run. Without a set moral code everyone would have the opinion that their ideas and thinking is right; no one would be able to compromise.It would be much easier for everyone to be living under the same ‘rules'. This way people will know what is right and wrong without any disagreeme nts. Care ethics does not ignore or disparage reason, but it does emphasize the importance of empathy and affection, friendships and relationships: elements of ethics (from the perspective of care ethics) Kantian systems woefully neglect. Care ethics also diverges significantly from the impersonal calculations of utilitarianism. Another distinctive feature of care ethics is on certain views, our duties tend to be impersonal.We have duties and obligations to others, of course, but they are duties due to anyone in the same position. On the care view, we may also have impersonal duties, but at least as important are duties of a very personal and individual nature: duties we owe specifically to family and friends, are not to just any generic moral placeholder. These duties are owed not because we are reciprocating benefits we have received but because of our special relations. Furthermore, such duties are typically not based on choices or voluntary contracts.

Develop a stock market Essay

(a) Dependable law and regulations The existence of dependable laws and regulations, not only from the government but also from the enterprises themselves is a necessary conditions since these all the organizations to compete and cooperate with the oversea and worldwide companies. (b) Resolution of policy risk Investor confidence in reliable property right and stable, market-oriented policies are a necessary condition for financial integration and the development of emerging stock markets. Announced market-oriented policies may be reversed, however, and are initially not fully credible. We argue that sustained privatization and liberalization programmes represent a major test of political commitment to safer private property rights, successful privatization has a significant effect on emerging stock market development through the resolution of policy risk, i.e. the risk of ex post policy changes with redistributive impact on investment returns. The evidence showed the progress in privatization gradually leads to increased confidence. (c) Promoting healthy financial institutions Healthy financial institutions especially banks, is a crucial prerequisite for financial stability. The largest number of crises still arise, be it in emerging market economies or industrial countries, from financial institutions overextending themselves when times seem good and then retrenching violently afterwards. Governance would first benefit from a greater internal focus on risk-adjusted rates of return, particularly when rewarding traders and credit officers. The relentless pursuit of shareholder value, without this crucial adjustment, could prove a very dangerous strategy. (d) Developing worldwide acceptable accounting and audit standard It is recommended profession should be is self-regulated through accounting  standard board instead of regulate by government, improve the credible of accounting and auditing report up to international accounting system (IAS) standards.

Ancient Religions Essay

The ancient Norse religion was commonly followed and practiced by people in northern regions of the world, such as Scandinavia, Norway, Iceland and surrounding countries. It was believed that the world first came about when a northern and southern land, Niflheim and Muspellheim, both joined together. Niflheim (â€Å"house of mists†) , an extremely cold, icy land and Muspellheim (â€Å"home of desolation†) the seemingly opposite of Niflheim, a hot, fiery land. As both lands joined together, the reaction of the contrasting temperatures caused the ice of Niflheim to melt creating the first two living creatures Ymer, the giant and Audhumla, a female cow. From these two the first Gods were created (Odin, Vile and Ve), and from them the first human beings were created by Odin from an elm and ash tree. Due to a disagreeance between Ymer and the God’s, the giant was killed and from his body, landforms and other living races were created. The gods were revered by many as they were the creators of the races and established the different parts of the world, the world tree or Yggdrasil included. The Yggdrasil is one of the principal beliefs in Nordic religion as it was known as the centre of their nordic universe, the world tree was said to have held nine different realms within its branches. The realms were situated in different areas of the tree at the top, within the canopy; Asgard (heaven) was located. This is where many gods lived including Odin in Valhalla. In addition to Asgard two other realms Vanaheim (home of the fertility god) and Aflheim (home of light elves) were located at the highest level of the world tree. These realms were known as â€Å"divine†. Norse folk believed that Midgard, the middle section of Yggdrasil held the human world. Along with midgard, Nidavellir, Jotunheim and Svartalfhiem, home of the dwarves, giants and dark elves were also present here. At the third and bottom level of the tree the two lands that created the first living beings are found. It is believed that Hel, the place of death, is part of the harsh, destitute lands of Niflheim. Hel is connected to one of the three main root of the world tree and it is known as the underworld, the second root leads to Jotunheim( realm of the giants) and the third is connected to the divine realm, Asgard. The roots linked together the different levels and realms of the tree, likewise Bifrost, a magical bridge located between Asgard and the human world, Midgard was another connection between realms, allowing gods an entrance into the mortal world. The Influence of the Nordic beliefs in society was great as followers of the ancient religion could identify with the extreme life conditions and harsh weather that was also portrayed in the Nordic creation story. The Norse saw their conditions of life as a blessing from the gods and often used these gifts to the greatest advantage for example men often became farmers, cultivators, tradesmen or traders. Women in Nordic society also searched for meaning and insight from the gods as they held powerful positions in the religion. Women played a strong part in the community and often had to run the villages when the Viking warriors were away. The Norse strived to maintain a balanced lifestyle from the influence of what they had learned and incorporated from the gods. Odin was known as a wise and great warrior and many Viking men chose to follow the same path by becoming a warrior also. I was believed that one of the only worthy ways to die was to die in battle. This factor greatly contributed to the decisions of the Norse men. When a warrior died in battle he would go on to Valhalla, in the divine realm, if not they would go to Hel. The Norse people not only sought meaning from the gods, but from the actions and rituals they performed.

Resources For Treatments And Prevention Health And Social Care Essay

â€Å" The physician of the hereafter will give no medical specialty, but will involvement his patients in the attention of the human frame, in diet, and in the cause and bar of disease † – Thomas Edison ( 1847-1931 ) The lifting costs of wellness attention coupled with the restrictions in the handiness of resources have created a division of involvement between the resources allocated for intervention and those allocated towards bar ( Corso et al. , 2002 ) . Almost two-thirds of the universe ‘s population is estimated to be seeking wellness attention from alternate beginnings and non the conventional biomedicine ( Pal 2002 ) . It has been known from popular sentiment that people prefer bar and preventative health care over regular intervention and medical health care ( Corso et al. , 2002 ) . Edison ‘s quotation mark has all of a sudden gained acceptance and the anticipation has about come true. The sum of attempt and resources put into bar and natural diet plans are a informant to the statement. This has led to formation of an alternate model for medical wellbeing known as the complementary and alternate medical specialty ( CAM ) . CAM is going progressively popular with patients and physicians likewise ( Pal 2002 ) . This signifier of wellbeing accents on disease bar instead than intervention of complaints. The focal point of the procedure is to maximize the built-in mending ability of the organic structure, which can be accomplished by proper nutrition. The intervention of the ‘whole ‘ organic structure is emphasised as opposed to the intervention of a peculiar job in the organic structure ( Pal 2002 ) . Florence Nightingale ‘s apprehension of bar allowed her to take attention of legion people. All she propagated was a demand for clean air, pure H2O, proper drainage and cleanliness. Similarly, many practicians around the universe have taken to preventive health care and the authorities are earnestly pumping resources into the procedure. In France, 2.4 % of the entire GDP was allocated to preventive health care ( Sandier et al. , 2004 ) . Chadha et Al. ( 2007 ) have stated that even the companies in India are cognizant of the benefits of preventative health care and are progressively sing preventative steps as â€Å" an investing for human capital † . Mancini ( 2003 ) stated a survey from the Harvard Medical School pointed out an astonishing addition in the figure of CAM users in the state. The inefficaciousness of the primary medical attention has failed to fulfill the demands of the big population of the universe, which has led to big sections of the populace to seek for options to the traditional medical specialty signifier ( Mancini 2003 ) . The inefficaciousness can be attributed to the defects of the modern health care system in non being able to supply the attention that the people really need ( Rister 2003 ) . Rister ( 2003 ) stated that existent healing was more than laboratory trial consequences and halting hurting and was in fact more about reconstructing organic structure ‘s built-in powers of convalescence. Rister besides emphasized that complete recovery and Restoration could non take topographic point without a balanced diet, exercising and proper nutritionary support. â€Å" Scientific medical specialty prev ents catastrophes. But natural healing brings you body back to its original province of resiliency and verve † ( Rister 2003 ) . Rister ( 2003 ) has pressed upon the importance of bar in footings of maintaining path of information, such as low-sodium nutrient can take to natural recovery from bosom failure due to congestion. Exerting on a regular basis can bring around many complaints, while G-Jo can forestall and halt concerns ( Rister 2003 ) . Laurence ( 2002 ) has stressed on the importance of bar in instance of deathly diseases like HIV, where medical specialty is non available for intervention. Similarly, Battle and Brownell ( 1996 ) have suggested the limited impact the traditional medical specialty has on fleshiness, which has become a job of public wellness significance. The focal point, in such a state of affairs, should be on bar and public policy to deduce the needed consequences. Battle and Brownell ( 1996 ) besides emphasised on sharply prosecuting the research on bar. This idea is shared by Manuti et Al. ( 2010 ) , who believe that â€Å" there is overpowering demand to develop and implement eff ectual intercessions to better bringing of everyday clinical preventative services. † Policy alterations can take to a greater alteration that can change the present state of affairs of ingestion of unhealthy nutrients and brings about an attitude towards healthy nutrient and increased degrees of physical activity ( Battle and Brownell, 1996 ) . Manuti et Al. ( 2010 ) stated that bar could be utile in observing many diseases that could take to mortality. They emphasised that despite the fact that bar in inevitable in primary wellness attention, preventative services are normally sub-optimal. American Heart Association ( AHA 2010 ) has stated that basic preventative wellness attention services must be punctually included in the comprehensive wellness attention. AHA ( 2010 ) confirmed that morality due to bosom jobs and cardiovascular disease has decreased due to the alteration in the behavior and life style of people. About 80 % of the population in the universe can non hold entree to modern medical specialties. â€Å" Low-cost intercession such as lifestyle alterations, diet, supplement therapy and behavioral medical specialty can be delivered as replacement for high-cost drugs and technological intercession † ( Pal 2002 ) . All it requires is a alteration at the nucleus degree where the patients can gain the demand to alter themselves. Pal ( 2002 ) mentioned that since the late sixtiess, more alternate practicians were seeing patients than primary attention suppliers. This confirms the statement by Thomas Edison, which was made at a clip when there were non sufficient options for the interventions of complaints. Despite the admirations in the universe of medical scientific disciplines, Edison ‘s words still hold true. Bell ( 2008 ) stated, â€Å" a lovingness physician will order alimentary nutrients and possibly addendums if needed. A good physician will merely desire to see you one time a twelvemonth, and urge you stay out of infirmaries. It is wise to acquire one-year medical examinations, but Lashkar-e-Taiba ‘s touch on the topic of prescriptions for merely about everything and how non to acquire caught in that trap. † The primary aim of intervention is self realisation of importance of acquiring better and the willingness to make so. If this is done early in life, and diet and exercising is regulated on a day-to-day footing, a individual can pull off to remain healthy for most of his/her life ( Bell 2008 ) . Although, at a younger age people tend to eat a batch and non set on weight, it catches up subsequently in life without any exercising or vigorous physical activity. With regular exercising, it may really be possible to eat and remain healthy. The sum of addictives in the consumables presents is really alarming and must be a complete antonym of the thought of a healthy diet. This is so really different from the fortunes Edison said, what he said, in. It is really of import to recognize the demand to alter and do an active attempt to do that alteration. People all over the universe have taken to recognizing this and prosecuting in natural bar and diet ordinance coupled with regular exerting to determine a positive and healthy life style.DecisionThe inability of mainstream medical specialty to get by with the jobs of the people all over the universe summed up with the fact that 80 % of the universe ‘s population can non afford the right medical specialty has led to an alternate signifier of medical specialty that has become popular. Peoples all over the universe are accommodating to these new signifiers of medical specialty that dwell on the premises of natural diet ordinance and exercising to rejuvenate the organic st ructure and mend the amendss that the organic structure has incurred. A good physician is considered to be the 1 that treats the patients good and makes certain that the patients stay fit and do n't hold to pay regular visits. Research workers believe that caring physicians should order good balanced diets and exerting to patients for them to mend wholly. Therefore, Thomas Edison ‘s words â€Å" The physician of the hereafter will give no medical specialty, but will involvement his patients in the attention of the human frame, in diet, and in the cause and bar of disease † still have a great value but it is being realized that despite such a demand for preventative medical specialty and intervention without medical specialty, there is a batch of development needed in the field to accomplish the pinnacle of success in the field of health care and good being. Edison ‘s statement has been realized to a great extent but has non been implemented worldwide as such. The portion of the statement that trades with interesting the patients in bar of disease and a healthy life style has gained acceptance in the last few decennaries and the people have become more and more self witting. But, the first portion of the sentence, i.e. no medical specialties is yet to be overcome despite the legion signifiers of alternate interventions available for the patients. There has been no one successful signifier of intervention that could be a remedy for all the wellness jobs without necessitating chemical medical specialties.

Explain the differences between national income or gross domestic Essay

Explain the differences between national income or gross domestic product and what the state of bhutan in the himalayas calls gr - Essay Example More recently the King of Bhutan has promoted a policy of Gross National Happiness (GNH) in opposition to GDP, arguing that the latter did not reflect the important intangible aspects of society and culture such as religious belief, harmony with nature, spiritual peace, and transcendent wisdom. In using GDP only as a measure of national worth and as a guide for planning risks the deterioration of these important intangible aspects globally, and this is most harshly reflected in the destruction of indigenous cultures with philosophical foundations and beliefs different from Western capitalism. II. National Income & GDP Institutions such as the World Bank, IMF, and UN agencies frequently use GDP statistics to determine international aid, finance for development projects, and in the calculation of the distribution of wealth within a society for analysis. These records are drawn from tax accounts primarily as recorded income, leading to the question of differences in accounting standards between nations and the variance of business standards between cultures. Yet, a larger question has developed as to whether GDP as calculated includes the subtle economic and social factors that are important to community welfare. â€Å"Simon Kuznets is best known for his studies of national income and its components. Prior to World War I, measures of GNP were rough guesses, at best. No government agency collected data to compute GNP, and no private economic researcher did so systematically, either. Kuznets changed all that. With work that began in the 1930s and stretched over decades, Kuznets computed national income back to 1869. He broke it down by industry, by final product, and by use. He also measured the distribution of income between rich and poor.† (Econlib, 2011) GDP provides a portrait of the economic activity of a nation by measuring the sum of all economic activity within the sovereign during a given time frame, generally annually. Weight is given to each sector by the total amount of commercial activity involved, but this does not inherently coincide with the hierarchy of values within a society. Instead, it promotes the economic and commercial criteria to the determinant force of national development by defining material prosperity, ever increasing, as the key to a higher standard of living. While in most instances this correlation of economic activity does reflect advanced technological development, improvements in medicine, architecture, public utilities, and the comfort level of society, some critics claim it is not complete or balanced in reflecting the overall values of a culture empirically. Whether or not this can be done is reflected in the debate around Gross National Happiness (GNH), a term instituted by the Bhutanese King Jigme Singye Wangchuck in his coronation address in 1972. III. Gross National Happiness Gross National Happiness is developed from a Buddhist view of the interconnectedness of all life and the need for renunc iation of selfishness and ego in order to cultivate enlightenment. The Buddha taught an Eightfold Path that included interrelated tenets on awareness, morality, behavior, etc. intended to bring about the perfection

Legal Mari Guiana Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Legal Mari Guiana - Essay Example On the other hand, some states such as California, Hawaii, Washington and New Jersey among others have passed laws to allow for the citizens to grow and use marijuana for medical purposes. Countries such as Mexico, Uruguay, Netherlands and Argentina among others have partially legalized the use of Marijuana whereby citizens are allowed to consume and possess certain amounts of the drug for recreational purposes (Bakalar, 2007). This paper is a critical evaluation of why or why not marijuana should be legalized. Marijuana should be legalized as a way of creating revenues for the government, in terms of taxation. Failing to do so encourages illegal trade whereby scrupulous dealers form organizations, through which the product is traded in secrecy and in high prices. These illegal drug dealers continue to enrich themselves and this motivates them and makes it affordable for them to operate and finance other illegal businesses such as gun trade, human trafficking among others, which include criminal activities such as gang violence. Critics in this debate may have forgotten the impact the ban on alcohol sale and use in the US in the 1920s had on the society but it may be important to remind them that it resulted to widespread illegal trade of the product and the emergence of powerful groups, mafia, which took advantage of the inability of the government to enforce the law (Rosenthal, 2003). In fact, it is believed that this formed the basis of the formation of drug lordship in the country as t hese cartels had already been accustomed to the lucrative trade and hence had to venture into other similar businesses once the ban was lifted and alcohol became accessible in the general market. In this context, criminal gangs compete over markets whereby one gang claims ownership of a certain territory and whenever any other gang member crosses this territory in search of customers, violence erupts leading to

Praise the Humble Dung Beetle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Praise the Humble Dung Beetle - Essay Example The media as well as the law makers are biased towards these invertebrates although these creatures are of tremendous importance to the society. It is not the large animals that are feeding the majority of the population. It is these invertebrates that help in the stabilization of soil and help in providing people with majority of their diet. Furthermore they even help in the development of necessary drugs for serious illnesses. Such as the molecules that help in the development of a drug called compound taxol that helps in the treatment of breast cancer and they even help in developing a medicine for patients suffering from leukemia. Their existence is even essential to encourage scientists in developing new elements. For example they have encouraged engineers in developing methods that can help in the extraction of water from fog. These invertebrates are very necessary and the government needs to take measures such as providing them protection under Endangered Species

Jet Star Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Jet Star - Essay Example The research shows that the core product offered by Jetstar, is low cost fares without compromising on quality. This has been successful so far, largely due to an operational model which consists of a network of point to point services. Via a SWOT analysis, it was found that the strengths of the company centre on its product range, affiliation with Qantas and expansion through joint ventures. Weaknesses centre on negative customer reviews, reputation issues and poor employee relations. It was found that the threats to the company primarily surround its competitors; Tiger Airways and Virgin Australia, as they offer a similar product. The opportunities available to Jetstar currently centre on market opportunities and growth, potential Asian customers and an increasing consumer reliance on the internet. It is recommended that in order for continued market success, the company focus on service and reliability at a low price, in order to increase their customer base and differentiate themselves from competitors. It is also recommended that the company expand further within Asia and develop and a loyalty program. This report finds that Jetsar Airlines currently enjoy a lucrative position within its domestic market, with strong potential to enjoy success internationally. The product offered by the company, that of low-cost fares without compromising on quality has so far been received well by the consumer. This has also been supplemented by a range of other products. Using Jetstar.com as the single distribution channel for the company has also been successful, due to the ever increasing numbers of consumers which are using the internet. As the external analysis highlights, the competitor situation for Jetstar primarily focuses on Tiger Airways and Virgin Australia, as both airlines offer a similar low-cost product. However, the macro-environmental situation for the company appears extremely positive due to its healthy domestic

Should China's neighbours be concerned that 21st century China will Essay

Should China's neighbours be concerned that 21st century China will revert to Middle Kingdom dominance over them based on Chin - Essay Example It is a country with a great vision and focus and while its neighbors term it as a small a nation, its upcoming dominance might shake the world. The world has been under the influence of the current super powers who reign on the basis of their world war two military prowess. Their dominance is based on past events and the mindset that other small countries are inferior in their cultures and forms of governance. But according Martin Jacques believe Europe and the United States will eventually watch as China rises to power while their dominance and influence declines (Martin, 2009, Pg. 99). China has set its eyes to greater achievements by mobilizing the entire nation to move as one family towards a common goal. With great development policies the economy of China has been on the record in the past decades for its significant growth. It employs different mechanisms that are very outstanding and free from Western influence. Though the Western countries still relate the country to its pa st failures in terms of lack of their style of democracy, poor standards of environment conservation and tribal affiliations, China has picked herself from its past inequities to a more transformed nation. But their attitudes have diverted the Western nations understanding of China in its real present terms. Most of these powerful countries don’t believe that China will economic growth would last at all. The history of its past regimes failing to sustain the country is their point of judging the current regime. But over the past thirty years they Chinas leaders have all a common objective of steering the country to greater economical heights (Wang, 2003, Pg.122). Political regimes in these years have without been the most successful in the history of china. Therefore China now boasts of the greatest achievements in the recent times. The diversity and racial distribution in this populous nation is quite big and more unified than any other powerful nation. China looks at itself as a civilized nation other than influenced nation state. There is a closely knit tie that makes the society and the state a due to their attachment in their worship of ancestral ways (Brodsgaard, 1998 Pg. 88). Their traditions, Chinese foods and their unifying language give every citizen a sense of belonging in this country. This cohesion has been its source of development force over the years. China strives to empower every citizen despite of their race, culture or even religious affiliation. The country’s identity has been modeled by its history as a civilized state in terms of their way of thinking, identity and culture. Other powerful countries on the contrary have based their national identity on the past eras. This is evident in their ways of leadership and governance systems which have at most times divided their citizens in terms of inferiority. Such governance experiences a lot of opposition from their citizens. The luck of a united stand of these superpowers will be the source of their downfall in the near future as China braces itself to take over the world (Martin, 2009, Pg. 120). The United States and Europe have never given China a thought of taking over the world since they rule under the mediocrity of past WWII ideologies. But to their surprise the economic and technological advance of China will be the start of their downfall. China has for years improved its ties with other countries through trade and continued mutual